Bleed- A printing term that prints stuff past the margin of a paper
CMYK- The for basic colors in color printing documents (cyan, magenta, yellow, and key [black])
image resolution- its the amount of detail a image has, if it has high resolution them the image will show a lot more detail
proof copy- The final copy of a printed material
Art Board - in Illustrator it works like a piece of paper would on a real desk, its a computerized piece of paper that you can use to draw stuff or whatever
registration mark- Used for printing to make sure that whats being printed is aligned properly